Abuse and Factitial Disorders
Child Abuse Child abuse is a broad term used to describe a spectrum of nonaccidental trauma inflicted upon children. Kempe et al. are generally credited with emphasizing the prevalence and importance…
Vascular Disorders of Infancy and Childhood
Classification of Vascular Lesions Vascular birthmarks, or congenital vascular anomalies, are common lesions that may present in a variety of fashions. There has traditionally been a significant amount of confusion…
Infestations, Bites, and Stings
Parasites are a fascinating and important cause of skin disease in children. They produce their effects in various ways: mechanical trauma from bites or stings, injection of pharmacologically active substances…
Endocrine Disorders and the Skin
Endocrinologic diseases often display cutaneous features that may provide diagnostic clues, and patients with these disorders may be more susceptible to a variety of mucocutaneous problems. Some of these conditions…
Vasculitic Disorders
The term vasculitis refers to inflammation of blood vessels, a finding that can be seen in association with a variety of clinical manifestations and as either a primary or secondary…
Skin Signs of Other Systemic Diseases
Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders Recurrent infections, including those involving the skin, raise the possibility that a child has an immune deficiency. The most common cause of immunodeficiency in children is acquired…
Photosensitivity and Photoreactions
Sunlight emits a wide spectrum of radiation energy, extending from radio waves through infrared, visible, and ultraviolet (UV) light, to X-rays. The wavelength range of visible light is 400 to…
Cutaneous Tumors and Tumor Syndromes
Because of the increasing public awareness and incidence of skin cancer, physicians are often consulted regarding tumors of the skin. In children, the vast majority of cutaneous tumors are benign,…
Inborn Errors of Metabolism
The inborn disorders of metabolism are a group of primarily autosomal recessive hereditary disorders that result in metabolic and clinical defects. (More comprehensive discussion of some of these topics is…
Exanthematous Diseases of Childhood
Several viral and bacterial illnesses may be accompanied by localized or generalized skin eruptions called exanthems . These eruptions may be the first manifestation of a disorder and often are…
