Abstract Secondary microvascular surgeries can be subdivided into two categories: those that are part of a planned, multistage reconstruction and those that are the result of an unsuccessful primary reconstruction….
Abstract Correction of secondary deformities of the midface can happen even for the most experienced surgeons due to inadequate reduction. This chapter categorizes the correction of secondary defects based on…
Abstract Secondary traumatic reconstruction of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) remains a challenging prospect for treating clinicians when attempting to restore function and form of this complex joint which, in its…
Abstract This chapter addresses pediatric fractures of the mandible. It elaborates on the epidemiology, relevant anatomy, treatment options, and complications. Keywords pediatric, mandible, fracture, dental, ankylosis, complications, conservative Background…
Abstract Pain or nerve dysfunction following craniofacial trauma or surgery is often treated with medical regimes or close observation. Facial pain or dysfunction lasting longer than 6 months to 1…
Abstract Acute management of periocular trauma should include immediate evaluation by an ophthalmologist, as vision loss from concomitant ocular injuries is a serious risk. After appropriate acute management of periocular…
Abstract Fractures of the edentulous jaws are commonly seen and present unique challenges to the treating surgeon. Treatment of these injuries has evolved over the years as the experience with…
Abstract Posttraumatic secondary reconstruction of the craniofacial skeleton is challenging. Many times the surgeon is faced with malunion and asymmetries that can be very difficult to correct using osteotomies and…
Abstract Severe central avulsive facial trauma injuries are typically not amenable to reconstruction using classical reconstructive techniques. Therefore, patients with these injuries are potential candidates for facial allotransplantation. In this…
Abstract Secondary enophthalmos and diplopia following suboptimal primary orbital reconstruction lead to aesthetic and functional deficits, respectively. An increase in the orbital volume as small as 2.1–2.3 mL has been shown…
