The Deep Plane Facelift
History The signature operation of facial rejuvenation is the rhytidectomy. Of all the procedures designed to remedy the effects of aging, the rhytidectomy has the most profound ability to improve…
Transcutaneous Lower Blepharoplasty
Introduction The transcutaneous skin-muscle flap blepharoplasty has a long history in the field of cosmetic eyelid surgery. As with any surgical approach, it has distinct advantages and disadvantages. The chief…
Aesthetic Rejuvenation in the Patient of Asian Ancestry
Abstract 1. Aesthetic ideals differ between various Asian cultures. The preferred aesthetic enhancement is typically a highlighting of natural ethnic features rather than complete transformation. 2. Fullness, sharp angles, and…
Transconjunctival Lower Blepharoplasty With and Without Fat Repositioning
Abstract 1. Transconjunctival blepharoplasty (TCB) is now a mainstream part of aesthetic eyelid rejuvenation. 2. It is a more complex and intricate procedure than its transcutaneous counterpart. 3. Surgery is…
Ptosis Repair and Blepharoplasty
Keywords Ptosis, Blepharoplasty, Levator, Müllerectomy, Müller’s, Eyelid History The evolution of ptosis surgery can be studied and categorized from an anatomical point of view. These categories include skin excision,…
Addressing Facial Shape and Proportions With Injectable Agents in Youth and Age
History and Introduction As noted by Pessa, “there are many arbitrary definitions of what constitutes a youthful face but the appearance of youth is not arbitrary; it is simply difficult…
The Open Browlift
History The brow has historically been overlooked in the rejuvenation of the aging face. The focal procedure of facial rejuvenation has always been the rhytidectomy. Surgical forehead rejuvenation began at…
Minimally Invasive Complementary Adjuncts to Upper Blepharoplasty
Introduction Upper blepharoplasty has evolved significantly since its early descriptions focused on rudimentary techniques of skin excision only . In the 20th century, the first detailed description of internal upper…
Endoscopic Foreheadplasty: A Twenty-Seven-Year Experience
Over the past 27 years, the endoscopic foreheadplasty has evolved into the procedure of choice for aesthetic surgeons with a goal of rejuvenating the brow-forehead complex. Harmony between brow position,…
Injectables and Resurfacing Techniques: Botulinum toxin (BoNT-A)
Abstract When properly administered to appropriately selected individuals, botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) can have a rejuvenating effect on nearly the entire face and neck. Carefully observing the functional anatomy…
