Fig. 14.1 Schematic of liquid jet injector. The components consist of a compartment or cartridge for holding drug formulation, a piston assembly, a power source such as coil spring, and…
Enhancement technology Devices/products Company Microneedles Macroflux® technology Zosano Pharma (USA) sMTS and hMTS technology 3 M (USA) DermaRoller® DermaRoller (USA) MicroCorTM Corium (USA) BD SoluviaTM Becton Dickinson (USA) Soluble microneedles…
Fig. 17.1 Optical coherence topography (OCT) images showing microporation of human skin by using polymeric MN array (with height 600 μm, width at base 300 μm, spacing 300 μm) in…
Fig. 15.1 The ViaDor™ Transdermal delivery system composed of the ViaDor™ device, disposable electrode array, and a suitable patch The artificial skin pores formed by RF ablation, and their healing…
Fig. 2.1 Illustration of the difference between uniform shear and surface divergence. (a) Uniform, high-shear stress, no divergence, and thus no stretch of the cell surface; (b) high rate of…
Molecule Molecular weight Ultrasound parameters Electroporation parameters Modality Ref. Frequency Amplitude Voltage Pulse Pulse freq Sulforhodamine 607 g/mol 1–3 MHz 1.4 W/cm2 ≤150 V 1 ms 60 s Simultaneous (Kost…
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2017Nina Dragicevic and Howard I. Maibach (eds.)Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers Physical Methods in Penetration Enhancementhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53273-7_28 28. Cutaneous DNA Immunization: Enhancing Penetration by Hair Follicle Modification or Microneedle Application Amit Kumar1, Yuehong Xu1 and Zhengrong Cui1 …
Fig. 10.1 Location of microwaves in the electromagnetic spectrum, considering microwaves as part of radiofrequencies (Raw data from Moulder 1998; Ku et al. 2002; Sorrentino and Bianchi 2010 and Mousa…
Noninvasive or minimally invasive Painless Safe and tolerable Reversible effect Modulation of skin permeability They can be focused on targeted tissues Possibility of administering macromolecules and nanocarriers (e.g., nanoparticles and…
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2017Nina Dragicevic and Howard I. Maibach (eds.)Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers Physical Methods in Penetration Enhancementhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53273-7_20 20. Evaluation of Microneedles in Human Subjects Haripriya Kalluri1 , Seong-O Choi2 , Xin Dong Guo3 , Jeong Woo Lee4 , James Norman5 and Mark R. Prausnitz6 (1) Research Scientist…
