Introduction Oculofacial surgery is a unique specialty that combines aspects of ophthalmology, general plastic surgery, head and neck surgery, dermatology, neurological surgery, and craniofacial surgery. With advances in endoscopic and…
Table 20.1 Indications for surgery Brow ptosis below orbital rim causing visual obstruction Heavy brows with thick brow cilia Pre-existing supraciliary rhytids Paralytic eyebrow ptosis (CN VII palsy) Table…
Table 18.1 Indications for surgery Marcus Gunn syndrome with functional or cosmetically displeasing jaw wink Unilateral ptosis with poor levator function requiring frontalis suspension Table 18.2 Preoperative evaluation Ptosis…
Table 19.1 Indications for surgery Paralytic lagophthalmos Exposure keratopathy CN VII palsy Symptomatic dry eye Table 19.2 Preoperative evaluation Bell’s phenomenon Degree of lagophthalmos Corneal epithelial staining Orbicularis strength…
Table 15.1 Indications for surgery Poor levator function ptosis, <5 mm Myogenic ptosis • Congenital ptosis • Double elevator palsy • Blepharophimosis • Congenital fibrosis syndrome • Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia…
Table 17.1 Indications for surgery Upper eyelid retraction • Associated with thyroid-related orbitopathy • After upper eyelid ptosis repair, blepharoplasty, or brow lifting • After trauma Table 17.2 Preoperative…
Table 14.1 Indications for surgery Poor levator function ptosis, greater than or equal to 5 mm Myogenic ptosis • Congenital ptosis • Double elevator palsy • Blepharophimosis • Congenital fibrosis syndrome…
Table 10.1 Indications for surgery Cosmetically displeasing lower eyelid fat prolapse with dermatochalasis Functionally, when glasses rest upon excessive lower eyelid fat prolapse and causes lower eyelid ectropion Table…
Table 16.1 Indications for surgery Conjunctival prolapse • After a large levator resection in congenital ptosis repair • After craniofacial surgery with cerebrospinal fluid leak Table 16.2 Preoperative evaluation…
Table 13.1 Indications for surgery Functional ptosis affecting vision Cosmetically displeasing ptosis Ptosis developing after cataract, refractive surgery, or prolonged contact lens use Ptosis repair under general anesthesia or when…
