Secondary Midfacial Reconstruction
Abstract Correction of secondary deformities of the midface can happen even for the most experienced surgeons due to inadequate reduction. This chapter categorizes the correction of secondary defects based on…
Secondary Traumatic TMJ Reconstruction
Abstract Secondary traumatic reconstruction of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) remains a challenging prospect for treating clinicians when attempting to restore function and form of this complex joint which, in its…
Pediatric Mandible Fractures
Abstract This chapter addresses pediatric fractures of the mandible. It elaborates on the epidemiology, relevant anatomy, treatment options, and complications. Keywords pediatric, mandible, fracture, dental, ankylosis, complications, conservative Background…
Secondary Nerve Reconstruction
Abstract Pain or nerve dysfunction following craniofacial trauma or surgery is often treated with medical regimes or close observation. Facial pain or dysfunction lasting longer than 6 months to 1…
Ocular Considerations: Ectropion, Entropion, Blink, Ptosis, Epiphora
Abstract Acute management of periocular trauma should include immediate evaluation by an ophthalmologist, as vision loss from concomitant ocular injuries is a serious risk. After appropriate acute management of periocular…
Geriatric and Edentulous Maxillary and Mandibular Fractures
Abstract Fractures of the edentulous jaws are commonly seen and present unique challenges to the treating surgeon. Treatment of these injuries has evolved over the years as the experience with…
Custom Craniofacial Implants
Abstract Posttraumatic secondary reconstruction of the craniofacial skeleton is challenging. Many times the surgeon is faced with malunion and asymmetries that can be very difficult to correct using osteotomies and…
Facial Transplantation
Abstract Severe central avulsive facial trauma injuries are typically not amenable to reconstruction using classical reconstructive techniques. Therefore, patients with these injuries are potential candidates for facial allotransplantation. In this…
Secondary Orbital Reconstruction
Abstract Secondary enophthalmos and diplopia following suboptimal primary orbital reconstruction lead to aesthetic and functional deficits, respectively. An increase in the orbital volume as small as 2.1–2.3 mL has been shown…
Dentoalveolar Trauma
Abstract The chapter provides the reader with a basis for the treatment of dental and dentoalveolar injuries. This includes anatomy of the dentition, periodontium, and associated structures. A foundation is…
