Pediatric Facial Reanimation Using a Functional Gracilis Muscle Transfer Brad M. Gandolfi Jeffrey R. Marcus Michael R. Zenn DEFINITION Facial paralysis does not describe a disease but instead the sequelae…
Corneal Neurotization Joseph Catapano Ronald Zuker Asim Ali Gregory H. Borschel DEFINITION Neurotrophic keratopathy is a degenerative corneal disease caused by impairment of corneal innervation.1 Corneal neurotization involves using functioning…
Masseter-to-Facial Nerve Transfer Michael J. A. Klebuc DEFINITION The descending branch of the masseter nerve can be transferred to selected zygomatic-buccal branches of the facial nerve (V-VII) to restore motion…
Cross Face Nerve Graft Michael J. A. Klebuc DEFINITION Cross face nerve graft—interposition nerve graft utilized to transmit facial nerve motor axons from a neurologically intact to a paralyzed/paretic, contralateral…
Motor Branch of Masseter for Innervation of Free Muscle Flap Michael J. A. Klebuc DEFINITION The descending branch of the motor nerve to the masseter muscle (CN V) can be…
Thyroglossal Duct Cysts Mark Felton Jugpal S. Arneja Neil K. Chadha DEFINITION The most common congenital midline neck cyst1 Caused by embryological remnants of thyroid gland formation ANATOMY These cysts…
Sural Nerve Harvest Andre P. Marshall Jeffrey R. Marcus Michael R. Zenn DEFINITION The sural nerve is a lower limb sensory nerve that provides sensation to the lateral and posterior…
Branchial Cleft Sinuses and Cysts Mark Felton Jugpal S. Arneja Neil K. Chadha DEFINITION Spectrum of congenital sinuses and cysts due to developmental anomalies in the branchial system.1,2 Account for…
Nasal Septal Hematoma Whitney Laurel Quong Jugpal S. Arneja DEFINITION Hematoma of the nasal septum is a relatively rare, yet potentially serious consequence of trauma to the nose where blood…
Management of the Microphthalmic or Anophthalmic Orbit Sarah M. Jacobs Christopher B. Chambers DEFINITION A spectrum exists ranging from small eyes to complete absence of any ocular tissue: Nanophthalmos is…
