37 Macrodactyly
10.1055/b-0038-162689 37 MacrodactylyCarolyn M. Pike and Brian I. Labow Summary Macrodactyly is a rare congenital overgrowth disorder of the upper or lower limb. Although all tissue types are affected variably,…
30 Genital Anomalies
10.1055/b-0038-162682 30 Genital AnomaliesSami H. Tuffaha and Richard J. Redett Summary Congenital anomalies of the genitalia include the following: micropenis, aphallia, ambiguous genialia, hypospadias, epispadius, cloacal exstrophy, transverse/longitudinal vaginal septum,…
31 Lower Extremity
10.1055/b-0038-162683 31 Lower ExtremityArin K. Greene and Amir H. Taghinia Summary Common indications for lower extremity reconstruction in children include the following: constriction ring, lymphedema, syndactyly, defects following skin lesion…
32 Embryology and Classification of Hand Differences
10.1055/b-0038-162684 32 Embryology and Classification of Hand DifferencesBran Sivakumar and Gill Smith Summary Congenital hand differences arise from genetic or environmental influences on the fetus during development. Embryogenesis of the…
29 Posterior Trunk Disorders
10.1055/b-0038-162681 29 Posterior Trunk DisordersArin K. Greene Summary Posterior trunk disorders can be congenital (e.g. myelomeningoceles) or acquired (e.g. pressure ulcers), and frequently require the expertise of plastic surgeons. Soft-tissue…
28 Anterior Trunk Disorders
10.1055/b-0038-162680 28 Anterior Trunk DisordersCarolyn M. Pike and Brian I. Labow Summary Disorders of the anterior trunk include congenital defects of the abdominal or chest wall. Gastroschisis and omphalocele are…
27 Breast Asymmetry
10.1055/b-0038-162679 27 Breast AsymmetryLaura C. Nuzzi and Brian I. Labow Summary Breast asymmetry is not a formal diagnosis, but rather a term that encompasses normal and abnormal variances in breast…
26 Gynecomastia
10.1055/b-0038-162678 26 GynecomastiaLaura C. Nuzzi and Brian I. Labow Summary Gynecomastia is a common finding among healthy adolescent boys. Benign excess glandular breast tissue is the hallmark of gynecomastia. Severity…
25 Macromastia
10.1055/b-0038-162677 25 MacromastiaLaura C. Nuzzi and Brian I. Labow Summary Macromastia is a common adolescent breast disorder characterized by unilateral or bilateral breast hypertrophy, often resulting in significant functional impairment…
23 Facial Paralysis
10.1055/b-0038-162675 23 Facial ParalysisGreg Borschel Summary The management of pediatric facial palsy begins with the accurate multidisciplinary assessment of the deficit and acute problems, the cause and associated problems, the…
