Table 51.1 Indications for treatment Horizontal forehead rhytids that worsen with eyebrow elevation Lack of underlying brow ptosis, eyelid ptosis, or upper eyelid dermatochalasis   Table 51.2 Preoperative evaluation Rule…

Table 52.1 Indications for surgery Symptomatic conjunctivochalasis affecting tear film and lacrimal outflow Non-resolving chemosis after eyelid surgery   Table 52.2 Preoperative evaluation History of cicatrizing conjunctivitis (Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal…

Table 50.1 Indications for treatment Glabellar rhytides (“frown lines” or “elevens”) with animation   Table 50.2 Preoperative evaluation Glabellar rhytids when the patient frowns Height and configuration of brows Presence…

Table 48.1 Indications for surgery Lower eyelid hollows without skin laxity or festoons   Table 48.2 Preoperative evaluation Use of anticoagulants Prior fillers and neurotoxin use Assessment for lower eyelid…

Table 47.1 Indications for surgery Deep tear trough, skeletonization of the inferior orbital rim, malar depression   Table 47.2 Preoperative evaluation Grade tear trough, skeletonization of inferior rim, cheek or…

Table 45.1 Indications for surgery Paralytic lagophthalmos Exposure keratopathy CN VII palsy Failing/exposed corneal transplant Neurotrophic cornea Recalcitrant corneal infections Debilitating corneal pain   Table 45.2 Preoperative evaluation Presence of…

Table 46.1 Indications for surgery Paralytic lagophthalmos Exposure keratopathy CN VII palsy Symptomatic dry eye   Table 46.2 Preoperative evaluation Presence of Bell’s phenomenon Degree of lagophthalmos Corneal epithelial staining…

Table 44.1 Indications for surgery Suspicion of giant cell arteritis based on temporal headache, jaw claudication, scalp tenderness, weight loss or fever Unexplained associated vision loss or pallid optic nerve…

Table 41.1 Indications for surgery Lower eyelid defects up to 100% total eyelid Large eyelid–cheek junction skin defects Large cheek skin defects   Table 41.2 Preoperative evaluation History of malignant…

Table 42.1 Indications for surgery Reconstruction of skin defect at lateral canthus from trauma or after removal of carcinoma   Table 42.2 Preoperative evaluation Size and dimensions of defect Age…