The Propeller Flap Concept
The propeller flap, based on a single vascular pedicle supplying a fasciocutaneous island of skin, is a very useful technique to reconstruct soft tissue defects and has wide applications throughout…
General Surgery
Technical Tips for Safe Perforator Vessel Dissection Applicable to All Perforator Flaps
The introduction of perforator flaps by Koshima and Soeda in 1989 was met with much animosity in the surgical community. The flaps challenged conventional teaching and were often branded as…
Pedicled Perforator Flaps in the Head and Neck
Perforator flaps, since their first description in 1989, have in many ways revolutionized reconstructive surgery. Whereas little more than a decade ago many surgeons were still hesitant to fully trust…
Preoperative Imaging Techniques for Perforator Selection in Abdomen-Based Microsurgical Breast Reconstruction
The clinical application of perforator-based flaps for microsurgical breast reconstruction has increased exponentially over the past 10 years. The benefits of the procedure are thought to be that it produces…
The Anatomic Basis of Perforator Flaps
The recent enthusiasm for perforator flaps underlines the need for a detailed understanding of the cutaneous vasculature. The principle determinant of success in perforator flap surgery is the inclusion of…
Where do Perforator Flaps Fit in our Armamentarium?
This article reviews historical aspects of flap development, leading up to the exciting recognition of perforator flaps. The role and use of perforator-type flaps in the reconstructive armamentarium is reviewed…
Special Considerations in Vascular Anomalies: Operative Management of Craniofacial Osseous Lesions
The treatment of vascular anomalies of the head and neck typically focuses on restoration of abnormal structures of the soft tissues. However, vascular anomalies can affect the craniofacial skeleton, and…
Special Considerations in Vascular Anomalies: Hematologic Management
Proper care of the patient with a vascular anomaly requires the expertise of multiple specialists. Because of the need for an interdisciplinary approach, several vascular anomalies centers have now been…
Special Considerations in Vascular Anomalies: Operative Management of Upper Extremity Lesions
The past 3 decades has seen a steady, almost exponential, increase in knowledge of vascular anomalies. A useful biologic classification system has evolved. A careful physical examination augmented with refined…
Special Considerations in Vascular Anomalies: Airway Management
Vascular anomalies are disorders of abnormal vasculogenesis or lymphogenesis. All types of vascular anomalies may involve the airway, causing varying degrees of upper airway obstruction as well as dysphagia and bleeding….
