Phenotypic severity dictates the timing and type of surgical intervention required. Mandibular distraction in children without respiratory and feeding difficulties remains controversial with regard to long-term mandibular growth outcomes and…
Pierre Robin sequence is defined by the clinical triad: mandibular hypoplasia, glossoptosis, and airway obstruction. Mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) is a standard treatment of Robin sequence associated with severe airway…
Introduction The first forehead lift procedures were performed using an “open” technique in which long incisions on the scalp or along the frontal hairline were made, a forehead flap was…
For videos accompanying this chapter see ExpertConsult.com . See inside cover for access details. Introduction The lower eyelid and midcheek are areas that patients commonly present with, usually with the…
Anatomy An excellent knowledge of the entire anatomy of the lower trunk and extremities is essential for esthetic and reconstructive skin-tightening procedures. In addition to knowledge of the main perforating…
For videos accompanying this chapter see ExpertConsult.com . See inside cover for access details. Nerve compression syndromes are a common clinical presentation in plastic surgery practice. The upper extremity is…
For videos accompanying this chapter see ExpertConsult.com . See inside cover for access details. Introduction The human mind instinctively examines another’s eyes before any other facial feature. Trustworthiness, aggression, and…
Introduction The pathogenesis of facial aging may be explained on an anatomical basis. An anatomical approach to surgical rejuvenation of the face provides the way to obtaining a “natural” result…
Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common debilitating joint disorder worldwide, and its prevalence is likely to increase as life expectancy increases, creating a substantial economic burden. Risk factors such…
