Pruritus and Neurocutaneous Dermatoses
Pruritus Pruritus, commonly known as itching, is a sensation exclusive to the skin. It may be defined as the sensation that produces the desire to scratch. Pruritogenic stimuli are first…
Cutaneous Signs and Diagnosis
In some patients, the appearance of skin lesions may be so distinctive that the diagnosis is clear at a glance. In others, subjective symptoms and clinical signs alone are inadequate,…
Skin: Basic Structure and Function
Skin is composed of three layers: the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous fat (panniculus) ( Fig. 1.1 ). The outermost layer, the epidermis, is composed of viable keratinocytes covered by a…
Surgical Therapy for Transmen
Chest surgery Chest-wall contouring is an important, early surgical step for transmen and may help to facilitate their transition. The goals of chest surgery include the aesthetic contouring of the…
Surgical Therapy for Transwomen
Surgical conversion of the genitalia in transwomen has evolved since the use of skin grafts for creation of a neovagina in cases of vaginal agenesis. The use of pedicled penile…
Surgical Therapy
Embryology Genetic sex is determined at fertilization, either XX or XY. For the first 6 weeks of development, gender is not distinguishable, and this is known as the indifferent period. Characteristic…
Medical Therapy
Diagnosis Transgender is not a formal diagnosis. Transgender individuals possess persistent concerns, uncertainties, and questions about gender identity. These issues often become the most important aspect of their life and…
Background
Definitions Gender Dysphoria The term gender dysphoria describes a heterogeneous group of individuals who express varying degrees of discomfort with or disassociation from their anatomic gender. Some people with this…
Ixekizumab
Keywords Ixekizumab, Taltz, Interleukin-17A, Monoclonal antibody, UNCOVER-2, UNCOVER-3 Key points • Ixekizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against interleukin-17A. • Ixekizumab is more efficacious in the treatment of plaque…
Investigational Therapies for Psoriasis
Keywords Janus kinase, Tumor necrosis factor-α, Interleukin-17, Interleukin-23 Key points • Investigational therapies aim to inhibit the specific immunologic mechanisms behind plaque psoriasis without widely affecting the normal immune…
