Fig. 9.1 Preoperative markings showing the position of the supraorbital nerve (SON) at the mid-pupillary line and the supratrochlear nerve (STN) at 1.5–1.7 cm from the midsagittal line. This is…

Fig. 5.1 Convergence of frontal and occipital afferents. TG trigeminal ganglion, TNC trigeminal nucleus caudalis (Published with kind permission of © medsteps) 5.2 Anatomy Migraine surgery of the neck is…

Fig. 12.1 Anatomy of the lateral wall of the nose (with opened middle turbinate) 12.2.3 Operative Technique By using a 0 degree Hopkins telescope, the anterior attachment of the uncinate…

Fig. 4.1 Intraorbital course of the frontal nerve (nf) and its branches exit from the orbit. so supraorbital nerve, str supratrochlear, red arrow fascial bands Fig. 4.2 Different types of…

Fig. 11.1 Specialized instruments in addition to standard endoscopic forehead lift instruments used in this modification include (a) ultra-curved periosteal elevator with a bent angulated tip (patent pending), (b) D-knife,…

Fig. 18.1 The midline and hairline are marked with the patient in sitting position (blue dots). GON and tail of GON is marked based on the patient’s areas of maximal…

Fig. 2.1 Human skulls (Tenchini’s Collection, nineteenth century, courtesy of BIOMED—UNIPR, Parma, Italy). Schematics of the topography of the sensory (blue, dark yellow, red, magenta) and motor (green) innervation of…

Temple injection sites. ZTBTN zygomaticotemporal branch of the trigeminal nerve, ATN auriculotemporal nerve Occipital injection sites. OP occipital protuberance, GON greater occipital nerve, TGON tail of greater occipital nerve, LON…

Fig. 15.1 The exit point of the ZTBTN is marked by the star at 17 mm posterolateral and 6.5 mm cephalad to the palpebral fissure. A blue line marks the…