Primary Treatment of Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy Bryce R. Bell Ji-Geng Yan Hani Matloub DEFINITION Injury to the nerves supplying the upper extremity (C5-T1) during the birth process Epidemiology1 Incidence…
Pediatric Facial Reanimation Using a Functional Gracilis Muscle Transfer Brad M. Gandolfi Jeffrey R. Marcus Michael R. Zenn DEFINITION Facial paralysis does not describe a disease but instead the sequelae…
Corneal Neurotization Joseph Catapano Ronald Zuker Asim Ali Gregory H. Borschel DEFINITION Neurotrophic keratopathy is a degenerative corneal disease caused by impairment of corneal innervation.1 Corneal neurotization involves using functioning…
Masseter-to-Facial Nerve Transfer Michael J. A. Klebuc DEFINITION The descending branch of the masseter nerve can be transferred to selected zygomatic-buccal branches of the facial nerve (V-VII) to restore motion…
Cross Face Nerve Graft Michael J. A. Klebuc DEFINITION Cross face nerve graft—interposition nerve graft utilized to transmit facial nerve motor axons from a neurologically intact to a paralyzed/paretic, contralateral…
Motor Branch of Masseter for Innervation of Free Muscle Flap Michael J. A. Klebuc DEFINITION The descending branch of the motor nerve to the masseter muscle (CN V) can be…
Thyroglossal Duct Cysts Mark Felton Jugpal S. Arneja Neil K. Chadha DEFINITION The most common congenital midline neck cyst1 Caused by embryological remnants of thyroid gland formation ANATOMY These cysts…
Sural Nerve Harvest Andre P. Marshall Jeffrey R. Marcus Michael R. Zenn DEFINITION The sural nerve is a lower limb sensory nerve that provides sensation to the lateral and posterior…
Tessier 7—Macrostomia Repair Patrick A. Gerety Scott P. Bartlett DEFINITION Macrostomia—enlarged oral aperture-related clefting of the oral commissure Tessier 7 cleft—lateral (transverse) facial cleft from the oral commissure to the…
Secondary Cleft Rhinoplasty Ali Totonchi Ji H. Son DEFINITION Rhinoplasty remains one of the most challenging plastic surgery procedures for cleft patients. These patients present years after the initial cleft…
