Skin Barrier
Key points • The four layers of the epidermis—stratum corneum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum basale—are composed of keratinocytes, which undergo differentiation and mature as they become more superficial…
Dermatology
Epidemiology
Key points • Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common inflammatory diseases of the skin, with both genetic and environmental etiologies. • The prevalence of atopic dermatitis is increasing…
Atopy Redefined
Key points • Although the original term atopy provides a general framework of understanding about allergic clinical conditions, this big umbrella now includes a group of patients who have heterogeneous…
Historic Perspective
Key points • From the historic perspective, atopic dermatitis has gone through several evolutionary periods of understanding and development. • From ancient times to the 18th century, medical communities started…
Hidradenitis Suppurativa—Other Procedural Treatments
Introduction The treatments for hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) can generally be divided into those with pharmacologic focus, and those that are procedural. For milder Hurley stage I disease, management is usually…
Operative Techniques for Hidradenitis Suppurativa
History of Surgery in Hidradenitis Suppurativa Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) was first described by two surgeons in the 1800s, Velpeau and Verneuil. There was much debate surrounding whether HS was primarily…
Laser and Light Treatments for Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Abbreviations: hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) Hidradenitis Suppurativa Clinical Response (HiSCR) Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) photodynamic therapy (PDT) methyl aminolevulinate (MAL)…
Support Groups in Hidradenitis Suppurativa—Building a Community
Introduction Support groups are an invaluable tool to help individuals cope with a multitude of diseases, conditions, and phases in life. They are beneficial to patients as well as to…
Building a Multidisciplinary Hidradenitis Suppurativa Clinic
Introduction Successful treatment of a patient with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) requires a multidisciplinary approach. As such, establishing a multidisciplinary HS clinic is crucial to address this multifaceted disease. Having a…
Skin of Color
Abbreviations used HS hidradenitis suppurativa IL interleukin Nd:YAG neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser MetS metabolic syndrome IBD inflammatory bowel disease OR odds ratio SIR standardized incidence ratios QOL quality of life SD…
