Anthropometrics
Key points • Complete reliance on cephalometric analysis for treatment may lead to suboptimal aesthetic results. • Beautiful faces of different ethnicities have quite different shapes, but individuals of all…
Aesthetic plastic surgery
Radiologic advances in facial imaging
Key points • The deleterious effects of ionizing radiation are cumulative, necessitating the judicious use of ionizing radiation. • Cone beam CT (CBCT) allows for image capture that displays excellent…
Motivations of patients seeking aesthetic surgery of the face
Key points • Celebrities’ values and beauty standards are a major influence on patients seeking aesthetic surgery. • The explosion of social media and reality television has become an ever-increasing…
Psychology of facial aesthetics
• Darwin’s description of the theory of natural selection is one of the earliest scientific acknowledgments of the importance of physical appearance. • Evolutionary theorists believe that the ability to…
Relationship between the soft tissue and the skeletal framework
Key points • The visible surgical result is related to the soft tissue envelope and not the underlying skeletal structures that support the facial surfaces and volumes. • Predicting how…
The importance of patient-reported outcomes in aesthetic skeletal facial surgery
Key points • Patient-reported outcome instruments (PROIs) are questionnaires that measure concepts by asking patients directly, without clinician interpretation, and should be used to measure procedural outcomes. • The FACE-Q…
Perspectives of facial aesthetics
Key points • The patient’s perspective and desire must be understood and discussed in detail because they might be different from that of the surgeon’s. • Dental evaluation is crucially…
Aesthetic facial skeletal surgery—evolution of thought and technique
• The evolution of techniques in reconstructive maxillofacial surgery has led to safe and efficacious surgery of the facial soft tissue, the natural extension of which was surgery purely to…
Revision Breast Augmentation—Correction of Implant Malposition and Rippling
Introduction The best way to treat a complication, is to avoid it. Unknown expert surgeon Breast augmentation is a common operation, and it has been estimated that there are currently…
Mastopexy—Inverted T Approach
Introduction Breast ptosis is one of the most common issues seen for evaluation in a plastic surgeon’s office. It can be developmental or more commonly acquired, secondary to weight loss,…
