Complications of Periocular Dermal Fillers
Dermal fillers, in particular hyaluronic acid gel (HAG) fillers, are used in the treatment of aging changes in the periocular area. Filler treatment requires in-depth knowledge of specific issues relating…
Static Sling Options for Facial Paralysis
Static facial sling procedures are one of many facial reanimation options to address long-standing and irreversible facial paralysis. The primary goals of static reanimation are to provide symmetry at rest…
The Prominent Eye—What to Watch Out For
Globe prominence (proptosis) may be caused by a variety of congenital or acquired conditions and poses unique challenges to aesthetic and reconstructive surgery. Once the underlying cause of proptosis is…
The Spectrum of Aesthetic Canthal Suspension
Aesthetic canthal suspension can be an effective adjunct to lower eyelid blepharoplasty. Understanding the anatomy and function of the lateral canthal tendon is critical for preoperative evaluation and surgical decision…
Conventional Resection Versus Preservation of the Nasal Dorsum and Ligaments
Preservation rhinoplasty may refer to preserving several anatomic components including: the nasal bones, upper lateral cartilages, the keystone area and/or ligaments of the nose. Preserving the osseocartilaginous framework or “dorsal…
Modified Selective Neurectomy
All patients with postparalytic facial paralysis are at risk of developing synkinesis due to aberrant nerve regeneration. Synkinesis can result in smile dysfunction, tension, and eyelid aperture narrowing due to…
Temporalis Tendon Transfer Versus Gracilis Free Muscle Transfer
Temporalis tendon transfer (T3) and gracilis free muscle transfer (GFMT) are popular techniques in lower facial rehabilitation when reinnervation techniques are unavailable. T3 involves a single-stage outpatient procedure resulting in…
Nonsurgical Light and Energy–Based Devices
Periorbital rejuvenation is a common reason for patients to seek cosmetic treatment. There are several nonsurgical light and energy–based devices available to treat various aspects of periorbital rejuvenation without risks…
Anatomic Trends and Directions in Periorbital Aesthetic Surgery
The anatomy of the eyelids and periorbital region is delicate. The individual anatomic variations determine each person’s eyelid appearance and function. It is essential that every surgeon that evaluates and…
Perceptions of Patients with Facial Paralysis
The goal of this article is to better understand the social impact of facial paralysis. Patients with facial paralysis may suffer from impaired social interactions, disruption of self-concept, psychological distress,…
