Ultrasound Treatment: Fat Reduction
Key Messages • The demand for noninvasive body sculpting procedures is on the rise • High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) offers a noninvasive alternative for body contouring • HIFU is…
Radiofrequency Treatment: Skin Tightening
Key Messages • There is a high patient demand for safe and effective ways to decrease redundant or lax skin and smooth irregular body contours • Patients tend to prefer…
Subcutaneous Fat: Anatomy, Physiology, and Treatment Indications
Key Messages • Subcutaneous adipose tissue, once considered a passive storage receptacle with a fixed number of cells and limited purpose, is now recognized as a complicated organ with important…
Lasers and Lights: Skin Tightening
Key Messages • There is increasing demand for nonsurgical approaches to skin tightening on the body without downtime and with minimal risk. Lasers and light-based devices are being developed to…
Skin Laxity: Anatomy, Etiology, and Treatment Indications
Key Messages • Skin laxity is defined as the acquired loose, relaxed state of the skin that develops with age as a result of skin extensibility (stretch) and decreased skin…
Reconstruction of Contractures: Z-Plasty, Skin Grafting, and Flaps
Reconstruction of Contractures: Z-Plasty, Skin Grafting, and Flaps Xiangxia Liu DEFINITION Scar contracture is the result of tightening of the skin during and after the wound healing process. The continuous…
Soft Tissue Coverage of Lower Leg—Free Flap
Soft Tissue Coverage of Lower Leg—Free Flap Goo-Hyun Mun Kyong-Je Woo DEFINITION Microvascular free flap transfer is a reliable and often ideal option for soft tissue reconstruction of a complex…
Reconstruction of Heel and Plantar Defects: Free Flap
Reconstruction of Heel and Plantar Defects: Free Flap Goo-Hyun Mun Kyong-Je Woo DEFINITION Heel and plantar soft tissues perform a special role of weight bearing while walking or standing. The…
Pediatric Facial Reanimation Using a Functional Gracilis Muscle Transfer
Pediatric Facial Reanimation Using a Functional Gracilis Muscle Transfer Brad M. Gandolfi Jeffrey R. Marcus Michael R. Zenn DEFINITION Facial paralysis does not describe a disease but instead the sequelae…
Second Toe-to-Thumb Transfer for Hypoplastic Thumb
Second Toe-to-Thumb Transfer for Hypoplastic Thumb Amir H. Taghinia Brian I. Labow Joseph Upton DEFINITION Toe-to-thumb transfer for congenital conditions is usually indicated in cases in which the carpometacarpal joint…
