65. Aesthetics of Gender Affirmation Surgery Juan L. Rendon, Christopher J. Salgado ■ The World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) promotes a multidisciplinary approach for the care of transgender…
30. Face and Neck Anatomy John H. Hulsen, Jeffrey E. Janis FACE AND NECK ANATOMY ■ Mastery of the three-dimensional anatomy of the face and neck is essential for safe…
31. Facial Analysis Janae L. Kittinger, Raman C. Mahabir SKIN QUALITY1,2 ■ Skin type and complexion • Fitzpatrick classification: Ranks the skin’s tendency to tan or burn after actinic exposure…
19. Chemical Peels George Broughton II, Ahmed M. Hashem, Christopher Chase Surek, James E. Zins PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION ■ Consultation with the patient to establish realistic goals and expectations ■ Does…
43. Nasolabial Fold Sumeet Sorel Teotia, Maristella S. Evangelista PERTINENT ANATOMY The nasolabial fold is a combination of complex mechanisms consisting of skin, adjacent redundant cheek, the nasal ala, the…
46. Secondary Rhinoplasty Richard Y. Ha, Lily Daniali, Cecilia Alejandra Garcia de Mitchell, Bahman Guyuron INDICATIONS POSTOPERATIVE FUNCTIONAL OR AESTHETIC DEFORMITY ■ Poor preoperative diagnosis • Failure to properly identify…
51. Breast Anatomy Melissa A. Crosby, Glyn Jones EMBRYOLOGY, DEVELOPMENT, AND PHYSIOLOGY EMBRYOLOGY ■ The breast is ectodermally derived. ■ From week 8-10 of embryologic development, breast growth begins with…
34. Upper Blepharoplasty Ashkan Ghavami, Foad Nahai RELEVANT ANATOMY1–3 (Fig. 34-1) Fig. 34-1 Cross section of the upper and lower eyelids. UPPER EYELID LAYERS ■ Anterior lamella: Skin, subcutaneous tissue…
35. Lower Blepharoplasty Jason K. Potter, Ted H. Wojno ANATOMY (Fig. 35-1) Fig. 35-1 Cross section of the upper and lower eyelids. TERMINOLOGY ■ Dermatochalasis: Excess eyelid skin ■ Blepharochalasis:…
36. Asian Blepharoplasty Jerome H. Liu, Richard Y. Ha, Lily Daniali, William Pai-Dei Chen BACKGROUND ■ Mikamo performed first reported double-eyelid operation in 1896.1 • Nonincision method using three sutures…
