10.1055/b-0034-66788 4 Mastopexy and Reduction Mammaplasty The indications for mastopexy or reduction mammaplasty are based on the physical examination as well as the patient’s individual aesthetic perception. While some patients…
10.1055/b-0034-86526 9 Modified Radical Mastectomy Indications Breast-conserving surgery is now regarded throughout the world as being the standard procedure for the treatment of breast cancer. However, if it is contraindicated,…
10.1055/b-0034-66791 6.1 Implants/Expanders The technique of tissue expansion, which was introduced by Radovan in the 1980 s and further developed by Argenta, paved the way for the use of implants…
10.1055/b-0034-66794 6.4 SGAP Flap[Gagnon\, Alain R., Blondeel\, Phillip N.] It is well accepted that autogenous breast reconstruction can provide the most natural and long-lasting results. Nowadays, the abdomen constitutes the…
10.1055/b-0034-66787 3 Augmentation Mammaplasty Breast augmentation with implants has become one of the most commonly performed plastic surgery procedures, and the numbers of procedures are increasing. The Breast Implant Registry…
10.1055/b-0034-66795 6.5 Free Transverse Myocutaneous Gracilis Flap[Schoeller\, Thomas, Wechselberger\, Gottfried] The transverse myocutaneous gracilis (TMG) flap is a relatively new method in breast reconstruction. Although it was first described by…
10.1055/b-0034-86524 7 Reconstruction of the Nipple–Areola Complex The final step in breast reconstruction is to recreate the nipple–areola complex (NAC). Although many patients initially think that this step is unnecessary,…
10.1055/b-0034-66796 6.6 Bilateral Breast Reconstruction Bilateral reconstructive procedures have the advantage that symmetrical breast shape and volume (important to a satisfactory outcome) are more easily achieved than in unilateral reconstruction….
10.1055/b-0034-66790 6 Delayed Breast Reconstruction With regard to the indication of the specific procedures and the difficult task of differential indication, the reader is referred to the subsections “Indications” and…
10.1055/b-0034-66785 2 Breast Implants The major purpose of breast implants is to enhance or restore the appearance of the female breast. Women may have widely differing motivations for wishing to…
