Dermoscopy in Vitiligo
Fig. 22.1 Retention of perifollicular pigmentation in early lesion of vitiligo 22.4 Dermoscopic Findings in the Diagnosis of Early Vitiligo Thatte and Khopkar [3] in their recent study have reported…
Differential Diagnosis of Vitiligo in Brown Skin
Classification Disease Occupational leukoderma Phenols and other derivatives Genetic syndromes Piebaldism Tuberous sclerosis Hypomelanosis of Ito Malformations Nevus anemicus Nevus depigmentosus Idiopathic Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus Infections…
The Histopathology of Melasma in Brown Skin
Fig. 7.1 Clinical picture of melasma where biopsy was performed (a) and histopathology (b) showing larger melanocytes in the epidermis accompanied by solar elastosis, sparse lymphocytic infiltrate, and few pigment-laden…
Botanicals in Melasma
Fig. 13.1 Aloe vera Fig. 13.2 Rumex occidentalis Fig. 13.3 Bearberry 13.2.1 Aloe Vera Aloe vera is a succulent perennial herb (Fig. 13.1) which is probably native to North Africa…
Diagnosis of Melasma in Brown Skin: Wood’s Lamp, Dermoscopy, and Confocal Microscopy
Fig. 6.1 Clinical Classification of melasma based on distribution pattern. (a) Centrofacial melasma, (b) malar melasma, and (c) mandibular melasma 6.2 Wood’s Lamp Wood’s lamp is an ultraviolet light A…
Vitiligo Classification and Clinical Presentations
1. Vitiligo/non-segmental vitiligo (NSV) 1.1 Generalized 1.2 Acrofacial 1.3 Universal 1.4 Mucosal 1.5 Mixed 2. Segmental vitiligo (SV) 21.2.1 Vitiligo/NSV The term vitiligo includes different usually multifocal clinical subtypes that…
Differential Diagnosis of Melasma in Brown Skin
Fig. 9.1 Postinflammatory hyperpigmented patches in an elderly Filipino female with dermatomyositis (Courtesy of the Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Philippines) PIH can occur at any age with no gender…
The Histopathology of Vitiligo in Brown Skin
Fig. 23.1 Clinical picture of vitiligo in a Filipino (a) and histopathology (b) showing absence of melanocytes and melanin in the basal cell layer (arrow) (H & E, × 40)…
Iontophoresis and Mesotherapy in Melasma
Fig. 17.1 Before treatment Fig. 17.2 After treatment Fig. 17.3 Before treatment Fig. 17.4 After treatment 17.3 Mesotherapy Mesotherapy is a technique where drugs or substances are introduced into the…
Oral Lightening Agents
Fig. 14.1 Tranexamic acid (trans-4-amonimethyl cyclohexane carboxylic acid) Keratinocytes produce PA. Epidermal basal cells contain plasminogen molecules. Plasmin plays a role in the release of basic fibroblast growth factor, which…
