The normal skin of healthy infants and children is resistant to invasion by most bacteria, because the cutaneous surface provides a dry mechanical barrier from which contaminating organisms are constantly…
Blisters or bullae are rounded or irregularly shaped lesions of the skin or mucous membranes that result from the accumulation of fluid between the cells of the epidermis, the epidermis…
The hereditary disorders of cornification, or the ichthyoses, are characterized by impairment in desquamation with hyperkeratosis and/or scaling. The ichthyoses are largely distinguished by their clinical and in some cases,…
The histiocytoses are a broad group of disorders characterized by an abnormal proliferation of the histiocyte, a type of progenitor cell in the bone marrow ( Box 10-1 ). Some…
Childhood Psoriasis Psoriasis is a relatively common immune-mediated disorder that accounts for 4% of all dermatoses seen in children under 16 years of age and occurs overall in 0.5% to…
Disorders of the Sebaceous Glands Acne Vulgaris Acne vulgaris is the most common skin problem in the United States, affecting nearly 80% to 85% of individuals at some point between…
Eczematous eruptions are characterized as inflamed papules and plaques, often in association with pruritus and serous discharge. The specific subtype of eczematous dermatitis is based upon the clinical morphology, distribution…
Several hereditary disorders of the skin primarily manifest as disorders of the dermis. Clinical manifestations range from laxity of skin to infiltrated papules and from rigidity to thinning of dermis….
Neonatal Skin The skin of the infant differs from that of an adult in that it is thinner (40% to 60%), is less hairy, and has a weaker attachment between…
Accurate diagnosis of cutaneous disease in infants and children is a systematic process that requires careful inspection, evaluation, and some knowledge of dermatologic terminology and morphology to develop a prioritized…
