Plastic Surgery Key

Excision of Soft Tissue Tumors of the Lower Leg Raffi S. Avedian Robert J. Steffner DEFINITION Soft tissue tumors of the lower leg may be benign or malignant (soft tissue…

Nerve Repair and Reconstruction—Peroneal Nerve Shawn Moshrefi Catherine Curtin DEFINITION Peroneal Nerve Injury Peroneal nerve injuries vary in severity, mechanism, and needed treatment. The nerve injury type dictates the treatment…

Achilles Tendon Reconstruction Hani Sbitany DEFINITION Achilles tendon is the most frequently ruptured tendon in the body, with incidence reported as high as 34/100 000, most commonly seen in males…

Vascular Reconstruction of Lower Extremity, Foot, and Ankle Michael D. Sgroi Jason T. Lee DEFINITIONS Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) affects 8 to 12 million people worldwide. Up to 40% of…

Management of Diabetic Foot Ulcers Rahim Nazerali DEFINITION Foot ulcers are the most common complication affecting patients with diabetes mellitus.1 A result of lower extremity neuropathic disease, trauma, and deformity….

Reconstruction of Heel and Plantar Defects: Free Flap Goo-Hyun Mun Kyong-Je Woo DEFINITION Heel and plantar soft tissues perform a special role of weight bearing while walking or standing. The…

Ankle Reconstruction With Free Flap Sean S. Li Ahmed Suliman Deepak M. Gupta DEFINITION The ankle has limited soft tissue for protection of vital structures, and trauma or tumor extirpation…

The Medial Plantar Flap Arash Momeni Subhro K. Sen DEFINITION The medial plantar flap is suitable for reconstruction of heel and lateral plantar defects.1,2 The medial plantar flap is harvested…

The Reverse Sural Artery Flap for Lower Extremity Reconstruction Ashkaun Shaterian Amber R. Leis DEFINITION The reverse sural artery flap was first described by Donski and Fogdestam1 and later by…

Reconstruction of the Forefoot Rachel Hein Scott T. Hollenbeck DEFINITION The primary goal in forefoot reconstruction is to preserve function of the lower extremity. Given the unique bony and skin…