10.1055/b-0036-135530 18 Management of Double-Eyelid Surgery Complications In-chang Cho and Aram Harijan Pearls Identify and find ways to avoid the original mistake. Otherwise, secondary and tertiary operations will only compound…
10.1055/b-0036-135528 16 Lower Blepharoplasty Yoon-Duck Kim and Kyung In Woo Pearls The surgical procedure of lower blepharoplasty evolved from fat and skin excision into volume enhancement. A customized approach considering…
10.1055/b-0036-135529 17 Correction of Ptosis Woong Chul Choi and Juwan Park Pearls Margin-reflex distance 1 (MRD1, distance from the corneal light reflex to the upper lid margin) in a sitting…
10.1055/b-0036-135527 15 Epicanthoplasty and Aesthetic Lateral Canthoplasty Yongho Shin Pearls Cosmetic epicanthoplasty releases the epicanthal fold and modifies the medial corner of the palpebral fissure, thus revealing more of the…
10.1055/b-0036-135526 14 Aging-Related Upper Blepharoplasty Hokyung Choung and Namju Kim Pearls Understanding anatomic differences and involutional changes in the eyelids of East Asians, which are specific to age and gender,…
10.1055/b-0036-135525 13 Double-Eyelid Surgery: Incisional Techniques Jae Woo Jang Pearls The East Asian upper eyelid has several distinct anatomic characteristics, including a low, poorly defined, or absent eyelid crease; narrow…
10.1055/b-0036-135524 12 Double-Eyelid Surgery: Nonincisional Suture Techniques Jin Joo Hong and Hae Won Yang Pearls The pattern of skin fold formation in the opening phase of the upper eyelid is…
