Temporalis tendon transfer (T3) and gracilis free muscle transfer (GFMT) are popular techniques in lower facial rehabilitation when reinnervation techniques are unavailable. T3 involves a single-stage outpatient procedure resulting in…
The goal of this article is to better understand the social impact of facial paralysis. Patients with facial paralysis may suffer from impaired social interactions, disruption of self-concept, psychological distress,…
Cross-face nerve grafting enables the reanimation of the contralateral hemiface in unilateral facial palsy and may recover a spontaneous smile. This chapter discusses various clinically applicable strategies to increase the…
