Plastic Surgery Key

Fig. 16.1 Bony facial morphology at the level of the cheekbone in axial section. Compare the (a) dolichocephalic Caucasian face and the (b) brachycephalic Asian face The goals of reduction…

Fig. 15.1 An example of unfavorable results after standard reduction malarplasty. A 27-year-old male showing under-corrected prominent cheekbone, which was treated by conventional L-shaped osteotomy technique. (Left) Preoperative view, (Right)…

Fig. 8.1 Classification of chin deformities. (a) Normal chin, (b) microgenia, (c) retrogenia, (d) pseudoretrogenia, (e) macrogenia, (f) pseudomacrogenia The height of the lower face is important when evaluating the…

Fig. 11.1 Face is divided into horizontal thirds. The upper third extends from the hairline to glabella, the middle third from glabella to subnasale, and lower third from subnasale to…

Fig. 22.1 An example of unfavorable results after standard reduction malarplasty using L-shaped osteotomy. This patient with prominent cheekbones and up-slanted eyes underwent reduction malarplasty using standard L-shaped osteotomy. Although…

Fig. 21.1 (Left) Blind osteotomy and no fixation of zygoma arch. (Right) Direct osteotomy and rigid fixation of zygoma arch Fig. 21.2 (Left) Preoperative frontal view. (Right) Postoperative frontal view…

Fig. 12.1 Rigid fixation with screws is preferred to prevent implant mobility, over-correction, asymmetry, or irregularities Fig. 12.2 The position of the implant is determined by the direction of the…

Fig. 7.1 The previous surgical design for mandibular sagittal-splitting ostectomy: Ostectomy is done on the mandibular angle and body area Authors want to correct misunderstandings related to sagittal resection of…

Fig. 9.1 Facial subcomponents used to derive our classification for the chin shape in the frontal view. Lower central border (blue line), lateral borders (yellow dotted line), central–lateral junction (arrow),…

Fig. 20.1 Paranasal augmentation. Note that intraoral incision is made about 1 cm above the upper gingivolabial sulcus. Subperiosteal dissection exposes the area to be augmented. The infraorbital nerve should…