Flap reconstruction using microsurgery

Apr 22, 2026 by drzezo in Reconstructive surgery Comments Off on Flap reconstruction using microsurgery

Advantage of flaps for secondary burn reconstruction Hypertrophic scars/scar contractures (HS/SC) result from dermal inflammation. During wound healing, inflammation is necessary to accelerate collagen production and angiogenesis. However, this inflammation…

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Clinical lasers and burn scar management

Apr 22, 2026 by drzezo in Reconstructive surgery Comments Off on Clinical lasers and burn scar management

History of light-based therapies in medicine The first records on using light for medical purposes date back to ancient Egypt (4000 BC), describing topical natural photosensitizer paired with sunlight for…

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The pediatric burned patient—optimizing acute burn care for prevention of postburn sequalae

Apr 22, 2026 by drzezo in Reconstructive surgery Comments Off on The pediatric burned patient—optimizing acute burn care for prevention of postburn sequalae

Introduction Most burn injuries in the United States are minor and treated in the outpatient setting in urgent care or emergency departments. The American Burn Association (ABA) Burn Injury Summary…

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The evolution of cell-based therapies for cutaneous repair

Apr 22, 2026 by drzezo in Reconstructive surgery Comments Off on The evolution of cell-based therapies for cutaneous repair

Introduction The restoration of skin integrity is fundamental in the treatment of burn injuries. Skin is a complex, multilayered, multifunctional structure that, in normal conditions, is maintained by both the…

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Skin substitutes: Surgical application in major burns and scar resurfacing

Apr 22, 2026 by drzezo in Reconstructive surgery Comments Off on Skin substitutes: Surgical application in major burns and scar resurfacing

1. Introduction Burns disrupt the protective skin barrier, compromising the range of vital protective and homeostatic functions. Early excision of major burns has been shown to improve patient outcomes. Burn…

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Ear

Apr 22, 2026 by drzezo in Reconstructive surgery Comments Off on Ear

Introduction The external ear is a fixed, protruding appendage susceptible to trauma because of its prominent position on the lateral aspect of the head. Whereas recent studies report approximately 25%…

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Total facial transplantation

Apr 22, 2026 by drzezo in Reconstructive surgery Comments Off on Total facial transplantation

Introduction Until recently, reconstructive options for disfiguring facial injuries secondary to severe burns were limited to more traditional techniques (i.e., grafts, local and free flaps). The first facial transplantation (FT)…

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Principles of burn reconstruction

Apr 22, 2026 by drzezo in Reconstructive surgery Comments Off on Principles of burn reconstruction

Introduction Severe burn injury is a dramatic event: dramatic in its inception in the flaming home, in an industrial accident, or in the hands and actions on a child of…

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Preoperative planning: A holistic approach to burn reconstruction

Apr 22, 2026 by drzezo in Reconstructive surgery Comments Off on Preoperative planning: A holistic approach to burn reconstruction

General considerations This chapter is intended to shift the focus of burn reconstruction from the provider to the burn survivor’s needs and hesitations as opposed to repeating general principles of…

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Burned scalp/forehead and brow

Apr 22, 2026 by drzezo in Reconstructive surgery Comments Off on Burned scalp/forehead and brow

Introduction The eyebrow, forehead, and scalp compose the upper one-third of the face. They are important to an individual’s appearance. The eyebrows and forehead are important in creating facial expressions…

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