Table 33.1 Indications for surgery Eyelid closure from blepharospasm causing inability to perform activities of daily living Recalcitrant blepharospasm not responsive to maximally tolerated medical therapy, including neurotoxins Table…
Table 28.1 Indications for surgery Lateral canthal rounding/loss of almond-shaped eye Lateral canthal dystopia Shortened horizontal palpebral aperture, dynamic phimosis Lateral canthal surgery in conjunction with lower eyelid retraction repair…
Table 32.1 Indications for surgery Recurrent corneal abrasions, keratitis or infections Corneal scarring Visual impairment secondary to corneal compromise or astigmatism Table 32.2 Preoperative evaluation Assess for degree of…
Table 31.1 Indications for surgery Cicatricial entropion with lashes abrading cornea Posterior lamellar scarring with transverse cicatricial bands Corneal erosions and foreign body sensation secondary to entropion Table 31.2…
Table 29.1 Indications for surgery Lower eyelid entropion Inversion of the eyelid margin Punctate epithelial erosions of the cornea Epiphora and foreign body sensation secondary to ectropion Table 29.2…
Table 30.1 Indications for surgery Upper or lower eyelid entropion – involutional or cicatricial Inversion of the eyelid margin Punctate epithelial erosions of the cornea Epiphora and foreign body sensation…
Table 27.1 Indications for surgery Symptomatic cicatricial ectropion (tearing, mucoid discharge, conjunctival keratinization, corneal exposure) Table 27.2 Preoperative evaluation History of trauma (chemical/burns), prior cosmetic surgery, reconstructive surgery to…
Table 24.1 Indications for surgery Lower face and neck laxity Jowling and marionette lines Heavy nasolabial folds Blunting of the cervicomental angle Table 24.2 Preoperative evaluation History of prior…
Table 25.1 Indications for surgery Lower eyelid ectropion Eversion of the eyelid margin Horizontal lower eyelid laxity Keratinization of the palpebral conjunctiva Epiphora and foreign body sensation secondary to ectropion…
Table 26.1 Indications for surgery Vertical puncta Punctal eversion or ectropion Epiphora and foreign body sensation secondary to ectropion Table 26.2 Preoperative evaluation Lower eyelid snap back test Lower…
