10.1055/b-0037-143479 CHAPTER 23 Clinical Staging of Lymphedema Sandro Michelini, Marco Cardone, Alessandro Fiorentino KEY POINTS There is no perfect staging system for lymphedema. A staging system is essential to facilitate…
10.1055/b-0037-143478 CHAPTER 22 Biomarkers Kerstin Buttler, Jörg Wilting KEY POINTS Although the ideal biomarker showing the complete lymphatic vascular system has not yet been discovered, a combination of markers can…
10.1055/b-0037-143477 CHAPTER 21 Basic Approaches to the Diagnosis of Lymphedema: Clinicians’ Perspective Yener Demirtas, Baris Yigit KEY POINTS Lymphedema can be defined as the chronic accumulation of lymphatic fluid in…
10.1055/b-0037-143476 CHAPTER 20 Causes and Classification of Lymphatic Disorders Swetha Kambhampati, Stanley Rockson KEY POINTS Primary lymphedema is generally categorized based on age of onset and is presumed to have…
10.1055/b-0037-143475 CHAPTER 19 Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Outcomes Janice N. Cormier, Kate D. Cromwell, Jane M. Armer, Merrick I. Ross KEY POINTS Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is an oncologically…
10.1055/b-0037-143468 CHAPTER 12 Pathophysiology of Primary Lymphedema Byung-Boong Lee, James Laredo KEY POINTS Primary lymphedema usually manifests as a truncular lymphatic malformation, the origin of which is a structural birth…
10.1055/b-0037-143461 CHAPTER 5 Changing Concepts in Lymphatic Pathways Wei-Ren Pan KEY POINTS A rich avalvular lymph capillary network exists in the skin and galea of the scalp, which connects adjacent…
10.1055/b-0037-143472 CHAPTER 16 Lymphedema in Pediatric Patients Cristobal Miguel Papendieck KEY POINTS Pediatric lymphedema is a chronic, impairing, progressive disorder. Each age group within the pediatric range has its specific…
10.1055/b-0037-143474 CHAPTER 18 Lymphedema Risk Factors in Breast Cancer Swetha Kambhampati, Stanley Rockson KEY POINTS Breast cancer treatment, one of the most common causes of lymphedema, affects more than one…
10.1055/b-0037-143473 CHAPTER 17 Combined Lymphatic and Venous Failure: Phlebolymphedema Audra A. Duncan KEY POINTS Lymphedema resulting from venous failure is frequently misdiagnosed. A high frequency of lymphatic dysfunction is found…
