Disease Complications
Introduction Over time, repeated episodes of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) disease flares can lead to a number of debilitating cutaneous, systemic, as well as psychological and social complications. Given the progressive…
Comorbidities and Systemic Associations
Introduction HS represents a prime candidate to bridge diseases of the integument and comorbid systemic disease, as a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit characterized by inflammatory nodules, suppuration…
Clinical Evaluation
Overview of Patient Population with HS Prior to Initiating Therapy Hidradenitis suppurativa is a clinical diagnosis based on history, physical exams, patterns of recurrence, types of lesions, and scarring. No…
Imaging Techniques in Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Comorbidities
Introduction The imaging support of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) has been increasing in the last decade due to the development of high-axial-resolution devices that can detect simultaneously and with high definition…
Clinical Manifestation and Phenotypes of Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Clinical Manifestation Morphology of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Lesions A key component of the diagnosis of an individual with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) involves examining for the presence of typical HS morphology. The…
Histopathology of the Pilosebaceous Unit and Interstitium of Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Introduction It is useful to consider the histological findings of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) lesions in the context of populations at risk for HS to understand the clinical differences observed amongst…
Hidradenitis Suppurativa Differential Diagnosis and Mimickers
Introduction The average length of time from onset to diagnosis in hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) patients worldwide is 7.2 years. This unfortunate delay is partly because of the nonspecific nature of…
Hidradenitis Suppurativa Epidemiology
Introduction This chapter will focus on the epidemiology of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), examining the body of evidence available for estimating the incidence and prevalence of HS, and the distribution of…
Historical Perspective on Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Introduction Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) has a convoluted history with conflicting bodies of knowledge and a complicated pathogenesis. Since HS was first described in the 19th century, it has taken on…
Basic Local Perforator Flaps of the Lower Extremity
15 Basic Local Perforator Flaps of the Lower Extremity Geoffrey G. Hallock, Mouchammed Agko, Hung-Chi Chen, S. Raja Sabapathy, Hari Venkatramani, and Madhu Periasamy Fig. 15.1 The fundamental subtypes of…
