Table 32.1 Indications for surgery Recurrent corneal abrasions, keratitis or infections Corneal scarring Visual impairment secondary to corneal compromise or astigmatism   Table 32.2 Preoperative evaluation Assess for degree of…

Table 31.1 Indications for surgery Cicatricial entropion with lashes abrading cornea Posterior lamellar scarring with transverse cicatricial bands Corneal erosions and foreign body sensation secondary to entropion   Table 31.2…

Table 29.1 Indications for surgery Lower eyelid entropion Inversion of the eyelid margin Punctate epithelial erosions of the cornea Epiphora and foreign body sensation secondary to ectropion   Table 29.2…

Table 30.1 Indications for surgery Upper or lower eyelid entropion – involutional or cicatricial Inversion of the eyelid margin Punctate epithelial erosions of the cornea Epiphora and foreign body sensation…

Table 27.1 Indications for surgery Symptomatic cicatricial ectropion (tearing, mucoid discharge, conjunctival keratinization, corneal exposure)   Table 27.2 Preoperative evaluation History of trauma (chemical/burns), prior cosmetic surgery, reconstructive surgery to…

Table 24.1 Indications for surgery Lower face and neck laxity Jowling and marionette lines Heavy nasolabial folds Blunting of the cervicomental angle   Table 24.2 Preoperative evaluation History of prior…

Table 25.1 Indications for surgery Lower eyelid ectropion Eversion of the eyelid margin Horizontal lower eyelid laxity Keratinization of the palpebral conjunctiva Epiphora and foreign body sensation secondary to ectropion…

Table 26.1 Indications for surgery Vertical puncta Punctal eversion or ectropion Epiphora and foreign body sensation secondary to ectropion   Table 26.2 Preoperative evaluation Lower eyelid snap back test Lower…

Table 22.1 Indications for surgery Forehead rhytids Moderate brow ptosis Temporal hooding Facial nerve palsy with brow ptosis   Table 22.2 Preoperative evaluation Position of brow Age and gender of…

Table 23.1 Indications for surgery Forehead rhytids Brow ptosis below superior orbital rim Heavy brows with thick brow cilia Pre-existing supraciliary rhytids Paralytic eyebrow ptosis (CN VII palsy) High forehead…