Abstract The clinical differential diagnosis of “hard skin” can be divided into two main diagnostic categories: morphea and morphea-like conditions and systemic sclerosis and sclerodermoid conditions. Patients with morphea and…
Abstract Vasculitis includes a heterogeneous group of conditions characterized by blood vessel inflammation and necrosis. The clinical manifestations depend on the localization and size of the involved vessel. Most patients…
Abstract Psoriasis is an immune-mediated chronic skin disease that affects about 125 million patients worldwide. About one-third of patients may also develop psoriatic arthritis. Patients with psoriasis are at increased…
Key Points • Lupus erythematosus is a multisystem disorder that frequently has cutaneous involvement • Lupus-specific skin disease can be characterized as acute, subacute, or chronic based on clinical and…
Abstract Dermatomyositis is a condition that combines an inflammatory myopathy with a characteristic cutaneous disease. Its pathogenesis is only partially understood, but immune-mediated muscle damage is believed to be important…
Vascular tumors range from red to blue, depending on the degree of vascular stasis and deoxygenation of hemoglobin. When associated with thrombosis or consumptive coagulopathy, the lesions often become hard…
Epidermal neoplasms commonly present with hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, or papillomatosis. These may manifest clinically as a cutaneous horn, scale, palpable induration, a velvety or filiform appearance, or a smooth lesion raised…
The field of dermatology includes diseases of both skin and the skin appendages, namely hair, sweat glands, and nails. A great variety of conditions affect the skin appendages, and some…
Genodermatoses include a variety of skin conditions due to underlying genetic mutations with and without associated systemic findings. New gene mutations are being discovered rapidly and allow for more definitive…
This section of the atlas will focus on vascular disorders of the skin, including such entities as Raynaud disease, erythromelalgia, livedo racemosa, livedoid vasculopathy, cryoglobulinemia, purpura fulminans, superficial thrombophlebitis, purpura,…
