Key points • The use of barbed sutures to suspend non-dissected soft tissue requires placement of several sutures and the degree and duration of the correction are limited • Bi-directional…

Key points • Our workhorse in minimally invasive facial rejuvenation is the MACS-lift (minimal access cranial suspension lift). • A short-scar facelift is not the same as a traditional facelift…

Key points • Botulinum neurotoxin type A produces chemodenervation of muscle by preventing binding of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular endplate. • Relaxation of the underlying muscle improves rhytids and can…

Key points • Brow aesthetics and surgical options for brow lift and forehead rejuvenation. • Ideal candidates for the endoscopic browlift technique. • Forehead and periocular anatomy. • Surgical technique…

• Wire subcision ensures complete release of retracted scars, deep lines, and folds. • Release should be as close to the line or scar margin as possible. • Hemostasis is…

Key points • Indications include young patients with a prematurely aged neck, or patients with the neck as a prominent aspect of facial aging. • Treatment of the platysmal laxity…

• There are lateral and vertical vectors of glabellar frowning. • Glabellar frown vectors are controlled by different muscle groups with unique innervation. • Unique innervations patterns can be identified…

• Surgical techniques can only indirectly improve textural changes of aging, particularly in difficult areas such as the perioral region. • Standard approaches such as the Baker-Gordon peel and laser…

Key points • Fat grafting provides a less invasive, more anatomic rejuvenation of the aging face by replacing missing volume. As such, the risks associated with open facial procedures are…

• Dermabrasion is an effective and economical modality to minimize the appearance of mild to moderate facial rhytids, especially around the mouth. • Dermabrasion can be performed under local and…