Local Flaps in Partial Breast Reconstruction Moustapha Hamdi Fadi Bakal DEFINITION Partial breast reconstruction is an area of evolving interest with improving surgical techniques; it is indicated in breast conservation…
Partial Breast Reconstruction With Local Tissue Rearrangement Moustapha Hamdi DEFINITION The treatment of breast cancer is an evolving field. Different modalities are continuously being developed to maximize patient survival while…
Gynecomastia John T. Stranix Alexes Hazen DEFINITION Gynecomastia refers to benign, excessive enlargement of parenchymal tissue in the male breast. The etiology of gynecomastia is multifactorial, often idiopathic, and affects…
Inferior Pedicle Paul A. Ghareeb Albert Losken DEFINITION Reduction mammaplasty remains one of the most commonly performed operations by plastic surgeons. Inferior pedicle reduction mammaplasty is one of the most…
Breast Reduction With Free Nipple Graft Paul A. Ghareeb Albert Losken DEFINITION Reduction mammaplasty is one of the most commonly performed operations in plastic surgery. Free nipple graft reduction was…
Reduction Mammaplasty Peter Henderson Joseph J. Disa DEFINITION Breast hypertrophy can be a physically and socially debilitating condition that frequently leads women to seek surgical intervention. Macromastia is defined as…
Mastopexy: Periareolar, Vertical, and Wise Pattern Ryan P. Ter Louw Scott Spear† †Deceased DEFINITIONS Ptosis of the breast is described by the Regnault classification (FIG 1). Grade 1: minor ptosis;…
Breast Augmentation With Round and Anatomic Implants Bill Kortesis Charalambos “Babis” Rammos DEFINITION Round implants are most commonly used in the United States. They are symmetrical in height and width…
Breast Augmentation: Subglandular, Subfascial, and Submuscular Implant Placement Chet Mays Bradley Calobrace DEFINITION A critical choice in breast augmentation is where to place the implant pocket. Subglandular Subfascial Submuscular (for…
Female to Male Transgender Breast Surgery Ann R. Schwentker DEFINITION Transgender person: individuals who identify with a gender that is distinct from their assigned sex at birth. Gender dysphoria: emotional…
