Reconstruction of the Hand with Wide Awake Surgery
Wide awake hand surgery means no sedation, no tourniquet, and no general anesthesia for hand surgery. The only medications given to the patient are lidocaine with epinephrine. Lidocaine is for…
Small Joint Reconstruction of the Hand
Pain, loss of motion, and instability in the small joints of the hand can result in debilitating loss of function and deformity. Salvage procedures are considered in the setting of…
Reconstruction of the Ischemic Hand
Ischemia of the hand remains an uncommon condition, but problems with arterial perfusion of the hand can arise from trauma (open and closed), thrombosis, or arteriovascular disease. Certain identifiable patterns…
Reconstruction of the Rheumatoid Hand
Previous studies have shown large variation in the rate of common surgical procedures performed for the rheumatoid hand. This article provides a comprehensive overview of each surgical treatment option for…
Intrinsic Flaps in the Hand
Advances in anatomical research have created the base for a vast variety of flaps that can be raised in the hand. They are either based on the palmar arterial system…
Thumb Reconstruction
Thumb reconstruction aims to restore the cardinal thumb traits and actions including mobility, stability, sensibility, length, and appearance. The level of thumb loss is divided into thirds: distal (tip to…
Treatment of Nonunion and Malunion Following Hand Fractures
Hand fractures account for about 1.5% of all emergency room visits and 40% of upper extremity fractures. Unfortunately, complications occur following these injuries. When the underlying osseous structure is affected…
Current Status of Brachial Plexus Reconstruction: Restoration of Hand Function
Although restoration of hand function in brachial plexus patients remains a formidable challenge, the past decade has brought significant improvement in our ability to restore hand function even in the…
Nerve Reconstruction in the Hand and Upper Extremity
In the management of traumatic peripheral nerve injuries, the severity or degree of injury dictates the decision making between surgical management versus conservative management and serial examination. This review explores…
Tendon Transfers for Radial, Median, and Ulnar Nerve Injuries: Current Surgical Techniques
Tendon transfers are performed predominantly to restore hand function or balance due to injuries of the radial, median, and ulnar nerves. Current surgical techniques for the most common tendon transfers…
