Plastic Surgery Key

Congenital melanocytic nevi are benign neoplasms, which present early in life at various anatomic locations with a variety of clinical presentations. When evaluating large or giant nevi, it’s important to…

Craniofacial clefts are extremely rare. In 1976, Paul Tessier developed a comprehensive numerical classification system to categorize craniofacial clefts based on precise anatomic location. In order to comprehend craniofacial cleft…

Craniosynostosis is a congenital condition characterized by the premature fusion of cranial sutures, disrupting normal skull and potentially brain growth. The current gold standard for nonsyndromic single-suture craniosynostosis is open…

Orbital hypertelorism may be seen in isolation or more commonly within the context of other congenital craniofacial dyscrasias such as craniosynostosis, midface hypoplasia, exorbitism, atypical orofacial clefting, and malocclusion. Careful…

This article reviews the key elements of anesthesia care for patients presenting for craniofacial surgeries, including preoperative evaluation and preparation, intraoperative management, and pain management strategies. Key points • Preoperative…

The lower lid cheek junction is a complex region. Patients are concerned about contour deformities of the lower eyelid and the cheek, but the causes of these issues are found…

Lower lid blepharoplasty surgery can be a challenging procedure for both the neophyte and the accomplished surgeon. It requires mastering complex periorbital anatomy and choosing the correct approach from a…

The upper eyelid–brow complex should be approached as a series of three interrelated arcs, the shape of which determines the dimensions of the intervening spaces. By following an engineered structural…

This article’s raison d’etre is simple: to deliver a decidedly lucid and sanguinely compelling description of a lower eyelid surgical rejuvenation strategy. By bestowing the surgeon greater control of the…