© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015Apostolos Pappas (ed.)Lipids and Skin Health10.1007/978-3-319-09943-9_21 21. Fatty Acids, Fatty Alcohols, Synthetic Esters and Glycerin Applications in the Cosmetic Industry Steve Cochran2 and Michael Anthonavage1 (1) 52 Water Street, 0833 Lebanon,…
Fig. 10.1 Enzymatic pathway for sapienic acid and related fatty acids Fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) catalyzes two distinctly different types of desaturation reactions, depending on the tissue type. In…
Fig. 4.1 Schematic representation of cyclooxygenase-mediated pathways leading to the biosynthesis of prostanoids from arachidonic acid. COX cyclooxygenase, PGES prostaglandin E synthase, PGDS prostaglandin D synthase, PGFS prostaglandin F synthase,…
Boelsma E, Hendriks HF, Roza L. Nutritional skin care: health effects of micronutrients and fatty acids. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;73:853–64.PubMed Braun L, Cohen M. Herbs and natural supplements-an evidence…
Species No of animals Duration Material Dose mg/kg/day Results C3H/HeJ mice 50 3 × per week over lifetime White oil 296 No histopathological changes, no tumors C3H/HeJ mice 50 3 × per…
Barak Y, et al. PPAR gamma is required for placental, cardiac, and adipose tissue development. Mol Cell. 1999;4(4):585–95.PubMedCrossRef Berger H, et al. SOCS3 transactivation by PPARgamma prevents IL-17-driven cancer growth….
Fig. 16.1 Acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) enzymes and triacylglycerol (or triglyceride) biosynthesis. There are two major pathways for triacylglycerol synthesis: the glycerol phosphate pathway (or Kennedy pathway) and the monoacylglycerol pathway….
Bonet ML, Ribot J, Felipe F, Palou A. Vitamin A and the regulation of fat reserves. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2003;7:1311–21.CrossRef Cases S, Stone SJ, Zhou P, Yen E, Tow…
Brooks BJ. Studies on the triglyceride—fatty acid cycle. Oxford: Merton College; 2013. Brown NF, Hill JK, Esser V, Kirkland JL, Corkey BE, Foster DW, McGarry JD. Mouse white adipocytes and…
Fig. 12.1 Linear (Ia) and folded (Ib) structures of squalene (I) and structure of 2,3-oxidosqualene (II, squalene epoxide). Squalene is transformed into several oxygenated derivatives and breakdown compounds by different…
