Temporalis Flap and Lengthening Temporalis Myoplasty for Facial Paralysis Andre Panossian DEFINITION Facial paralysis is the result of facial nerve dysfunction (cranial nerve VII). It can be congenital or acquired,…
Supraclavicular Island Flap for Oropharyngeal Reconstruction Michael W. Chu Ernest S. Chiu DEFINITION The oropharynx is the middle part of the pharynx from the level of the soft palate to…
Free Flap for Hemi-Tongue Reconstruction Carrie K. Chu Peirong Yu DEFINITION The tongue is a highly functional organ responsible for speech, deglutition, taste, and airway protection. Glossectomy defects following oncologic…
Anterolateral Thigh Flap for Pharyngoesophageal Reconstruction Edward I. Chang Matthew M. Hanasono DEFINITION Pharyngeal defects can commonly result after resection of laryngeal malignancy or, less commonly, a pharyngeal or esophageal…
Pectoralis Major Flap for Pharyngeal Reconstruction Michael A. Howard Babak J. Mehrara DEFINITION The pectoralis major muscle flap was first reported by Pickrell in 19471 and popularized for head and…
Jejunum Flap for Pharyngeal Reconstruction Farooq Shahzad Babak J. Mehrara DEFINITION The free jejunal flap is a workhorse for reconstruction of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus. A flap of up…
Reconstruction of Buccal Mucosal Defects Imran Ratanshi Colleen McCarthy DEFINITION Carcinoma can involve the buccal mucosa of the oral cavity. The treatment of buccal mucosa cancer is typically surgical resection….
Facial Artery Musculo-Mucosal (FAMM) Flap Julian J. Pribaz Simon G. Talbot DEFINITION The FAMM flap is an acronym for facial artery musculomucosal flap. It was derived based on the principles…
Reconstruction of Total Glossectomy Defects Mark Sisco Mihir K. Bhayani DEFINITION Total glossectomy defects occur most commonly in patients with malignancies of the tongue or floor of mouth. These complex…
Facial Artery Perforator Flap Julian J. Pribaz Simon G. Talbot DEFINITION Perforator flaps are a relatively recent addition to our reconstructive techniques. They have evolved as a result of meticulous…
