Fig. 9.1 Postinflammatory hyperpigmented patches in an elderly Filipino female with dermatomyositis (Courtesy of the Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Philippines) PIH can occur at any age with no gender…
Fig. 23.1 Clinical picture of vitiligo in a Filipino (a) and histopathology (b) showing absence of melanocytes and melanin in the basal cell layer (arrow) (H & E, × 40)…
Fig. 17.1 Before treatment Fig. 17.2 After treatment Fig. 17.3 Before treatment Fig. 17.4 After treatment 17.3 Mesotherapy Mesotherapy is a technique where drugs or substances are introduced into the…
Fig. 14.1 Tranexamic acid (trans-4-amonimethyl cyclohexane carboxylic acid) Keratinocytes produce PA. Epidermal basal cells contain plasminogen molecules. Plasmin plays a role in the release of basic fibroblast growth factor, which…
Fig. 16.1 PIH 2 months following QS Nd:YAG 1064-nm laser using convention treatment protocol for treating melasma. This patient was treated with QS Nd:YAG 1064 nm 4 ns pulsed duration…
Fig. 31.1 Spectral signature and irradiance in mW/cm2 of three test lamps with mixed outputs used in PPT study 1 (a) VL lamp, (b) UVA tubes, and (c) IR bulb…
Parameters for assessing stability of vitiligo Consensus recommendation of IADVLa taskforce on stability [5] History of progression The absence of new lesions No new lesions Extension of old lesions…
Fig. 8.1 Melasma area and severity index (MASI). A area, D darkness, H homogeneity MASI total score = 0:3 × A (forehead) × (D + H) (forehead) + 0:3 ×…
Fig. 15.1 (a) Before 70 % glycolic acid peels (b) after 4 biweekly sessions of 70 % glycolic acid peels Mild desquamation. Uneven penetration into the skin. Neutralization with sodium…
Fig. 5.1 (a–e) Sites of predilection of melasma: centrofacial (a), malar (b), mandibular (c), forearm extensor (d), upper chest (e) Fig. 5.2 (a) Centrofacial melasma, (b) malar melasma, (c) mandibular…
