Thumb Reconstruction
Thumb reconstruction aims to restore the cardinal thumb traits and actions including mobility, stability, sensibility, length, and appearance. The level of thumb loss is divided into thirds: distal (tip to…
Treatment of Nonunion and Malunion Following Hand Fractures
Hand fractures account for about 1.5% of all emergency room visits and 40% of upper extremity fractures. Unfortunately, complications occur following these injuries. When the underlying osseous structure is affected…
Current Status of Brachial Plexus Reconstruction: Restoration of Hand Function
Although restoration of hand function in brachial plexus patients remains a formidable challenge, the past decade has brought significant improvement in our ability to restore hand function even in the…
Nerve Reconstruction in the Hand and Upper Extremity
In the management of traumatic peripheral nerve injuries, the severity or degree of injury dictates the decision making between surgical management versus conservative management and serial examination. This review explores…
Tendon Transfers for Radial, Median, and Ulnar Nerve Injuries: Current Surgical Techniques
Tendon transfers are performed predominantly to restore hand function or balance due to injuries of the radial, median, and ulnar nerves. Current surgical techniques for the most common tendon transfers…
Flexor Tendon Reconstruction
The hand surgeon’s familiarity with options for flexor tendon reconstruction is essential. Efforts at primary repair are not always successful nor are the conditions after injury necessarily conducive to primary…
Functional Reconstruction of the Hand: The Stiff Joint
Proper hand function relies on a combination of strength and mobility. The intricate architecture that allows for hand mobility includes the articular surfaces of joints, periarticular ligamentous structures, tendon mechanisms,…
Scar Contractures of the Hand
This article discusses scar contracture of the hand. It contains a brief outline of the anatomy of the hand and upper extremities and the types of injuries involved. Hand reconstruction,…
Free Functional Muscle Transfer for the Upper Extremity
Free functional muscle transfers are an excellent treatment option in patients when significant time has passed after a nerve injury. In addition, they are the treatment of choice for reconstruction…
Toe-to-Hand Transplantation
Microsurgical toe-to-hand transplantation remains a valuable reconstructive option for severe, mutilated hand injuries ever since its inception in the 1960s, allowing composite replacement of amputated digits through a single-stage procedure…
