TTP is a rare, life-threatening disease that can develop rapidly. It is manifested by the formation of microthrombi throughout the small vasculature. This causes multisystem organ failure and rapid death if not promptly treated. Most cases have been found to be caused by a hereditary defect in the ADAMTS13 gene or by decreased platelet levels caused by medications or autoimmunity. ADAMTS13 is a gene that encodes a plasma metalloprotease, which is important in regulating von Willebrand factor function. Oral manifestations of the disease include widespread petechiae and ecchymosis of the tongue, gingival, labial, and buccal mucosa. Petechial hemorrhages of the gums may appear later in the course of the disease.
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