Shoulder: Anatomy and Instability

Analysis of Risk Factors for Glenoid Bone Defect in Anterior Shoulder Instability

Milano G, Grasso A, Russo A, et al (Catholic Univ, Rome, Italy; Villa Valeria Clinic, Rome, Italy; Villa Ulivella Clinic, Florence, Italy; et al) Am J Sports Med 39:1870-1876, 2011^§

Abstract

Background

Glenoid bone defect is frequently associated with anterior shoulder instability and is considered one of the major causes of recurrence of instability after shoulder stabilization.

Hypothesis

Some risk factors are significantly associated with the presence, size, and type of glenoid bone defect.

Study Design

Cohort study (prognosis); Level of evidence, 2.

Methods

One hundred sixty-one patients affected by anterior shoulder instability underwent morphologic evaluation of the glenoid by computed tomography scans to assess the presence, size, and type of glenoid bone defect (erosion or bony Bankart lesion). Bone loss greater than 20% of the area of the inferior glenoid was considered “critical” bone defect (at risk of recurrence). Outcomes were correlated with the following predictors: age, gender, arm dominance, frequency of dislocation, age at first dislocation, timing from first dislocation, number of dislocations, cause of first dislocation, generalized ligamentous laxity, type of sport, and manual work.

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