Metalworking Fluids

No.

Substance

Patch test concentration

Biocides

7-Ethylbicyclooxazolidine (Bioban CS 1246)

1 % pet

Benzylhemiformal

1 % pet

4,4-Dimethyl-1,3-oxazolidine/3,4,4-trimethyl-1,3-oxazolidine (Bioban CS 1135)

1 % pet

N,N′-Methylene-bis-5-methyl-oxazolidine

1 % pet

1,3,5-Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-hexahydrotriazine (Grotan BK)

1 % pet

4-(2-Nitrobutyl) morpholine/4,4′-(2-ethyl-2-nitro-trimethylene) dimorpholine (Bioban P 1487)^a

1 % pet

1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one, sodium salt

0.1 % pet

Octylisothiazolinone

0.025 % pet

Methylisothiazolinone

0.05 % aq^a

Iodopropynyl butylcarbamate (IPBC)

0.2 % pet

Sodium-2-pyridinethiol-1-oxide (Sodium Omadine)

0.1 % aq

2-Phenoxyethanol

1 % pet

Other components

Morpholinyl mercaptobenzothiazole (MOR)^b

0.5 % pet

Monoethanolamine (MEA)

2 % pet

Diethanolamine (DEA)^b

2 % pet

Triethanolamine (TEA)

2.5 % pet

Diglycolamine (2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol)

1 % pet

Abietic acid

10 % pet

p-tert-Butylphenol

1 % pet

Benzotriazole

1 % pet

Modified from Refs. 5, 7, 8

Allergen nos. 1–18 are used in wb MWF, no. 19 in neat oils, and no. 20 in both

Allergen nos. 1–6 are formaldehyde releasers

^aHigher patch test concentrations are also recommended by some authors

^bUsed until about 1995. No current usage in MWF

Table 21.2

Allergens of the baseline series which may be present in wb MWF (except no. 7, see below)

No.	Substance	Patch test concentration
1	Formaldehyde	1 % aq^a
2	(Chloro-)methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI)	0.01 % aq^a
3	Lanolin alcohol	30 % pet
4	Cetearyl alcohol	20 % pet
5	Colophonium	20 % pet
6	Mercaptobenzothiazole	2 % pet
7	Zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDEC)^b	1 % pet

^aHigher patch test concentrations are also recommended by some authors

^bTested as a marker for sodium diethyldithiocarbamate, used as anti-wear additive in neat oils

21.3.1 Monoethanolamine, Diethanolamine, and Triethanolamine

MEA, diethanolamine (DEA), and triethanolamine (TEA) serve as rust preventive agents with emulsifying properties in wb MWF. In several recent studies, MEA ranked first among the MWF allergens. The use of DEA in wb MWF has declined since the mid-1990s, due to a potential formation of carcinogenic N-nitrosamines. This led to a far lower frequency of sensitization to DEA compared to MEA. TEA is a rare MWF allergen. It is not only used in MWF, but also a frequent component of creams and cosmetics [5, 6, 8, 14].

Only gold members can continue reading. Log In or Register to continue