Figure 26.1
Mucicarmine stain, 1,000×, Cryptococcus neoformis, numerous organisms stain slight reddish with mucoid, thick capsule
Cryptococcus is a yeast-like organism that is transmitted by inhalation of infected organisms. Once established, it disseminates to other organs including the skin. Those immunosuppressed such as by HIV infection are particularly susceptible. The prevalence of Cryptococcus infection among the HIV infected has significantly decreased given the increased use of HAART. The most common presentation of infection is meningoencephalitis with altered mental status.