Fig. 1
(a) Antero-posterior (AP) radiograph of the right femur on day of injury. (b) Lateral radiograph of the right femur on day of injury
Fig. 2
Radiograph after debridement with oscillating saw and external fixation application
3 Preoperative Problem List
1.
Grossly contaminated right open femur fracture.
2.
Distal femoral fracture with intercondylar extension.
3.
Segmental femoral bone loss measuring 10 cm.
4.
Residual leg length inequality of 3 cm.
4 Treatment Strategy
The treatment strategy began with an aggressive debridement to minimize infection risk. Once the soft tissues had stabilized, the surgical options to treat the femoral defect were considered. A significant segment of femur was missing distally, so a transverse subtrochanteric osteotomy was planned (Fig. 3a). The proximal femoral segment would then be transported by external fixation over a femoral nail. On hospital day number 6, an osteotomy was performed, and a monotube external fixator and a retrograde femoral nail were placed (Fig. 3a–c). The surgical plan was to transport the proximal femur into the distal defect (Fig. 4a, b). After 2 months of transport, the distal defect spontaneously healed, and no further transport was required (Fig. 5a–c). The femoral cortices were reconstituted, continuous and tolerant of full weight-bearing. The patient noticed several months later that her leg was short 3 cm. She requested a lengthening procedure, which required 4 months to complete.
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Fig. 3
(a) Intra-operative fluoroscopy demonstrating completion of drill bit osteotomy technique with an osteotome. (b) Intra-operative photograph demonstrating use of five drill bits to perform osteotomy. Each drill bit stays in place as a point of reference for further drilling. Half pins are proximal and distal to the osteotomy. (c) Intra-operative fluoroscopy demonstrating half pins in transport segment behind the rod
Fig. 4
(a) Radiograph of proximal femur immediately after osteotomy for femoral transport. (b) Radiograph of knee immediately after osteotomy for femoral transport